Situation Of Mcdonalds KFC

Circumstance Of Mcdonalds KFC McDonalds is a standout amongst other worldwide retailers in giving inexpensive food administrations to its clients. Giving world class inexpensive food in excess of 100 nations is the center thought of McDonalds. McDonalds offer its types of assistance in entire of the world. Mc Donalds are nearby and free franchisee which is possessed and worked comprehensively. In the internationally famous café industry in around all the nations where it is working its administrations McDonalds holds a significant piece of the offer. Organization B : KFC Kentucky Fried Chicken is called as KFC. It is a drive-thru eatery chain whose headquarteres is in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, which has some expertise in seared chicken and even in burgers and wraps. KFC secondz over Mcdonalds as an American symbol, it is the universes biggest singed chicken chain and the second biggest eatery network, with more than 17,000 outlets in 105 nations and regions. Originator of KFC is Harland Sanders, who started to sell singed chicken from his side of the road eatery in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression. The pioneer of the eatery Sanders is the person who got diversifying idea, with the primary Kentucky Fried Chicken, the establishment opening in Utah in the mid 1950s. Its quick improvement saw it become excessively enormous for Sanders to deal with, and he gradually offered the organization to a gathering of financial specialists. Considerably after that additionally Sanders picture was as yet utilized for marking; Sanders had been made a Kentucky colonel after the achievement of his first café, and he filled in as an altruism delegate for the organization until in some time before his demise. KFC had blended achievement in 1970s and 1980s at home as it experienced a progression of corporate proprietors who had next to zero commonality in the café business, in spite of the fact that it kept on growing in abroad markets. KFC was offered to the spirits firm Heublein in the mid 1970s, who were taken over by the R.J. Reynolds company, who offered the chain to PepsiCo. PepsiCo changed its eateries division by likewise including Pizza Hut and Taco Bell, as Tricon Global Restaurants, which was later called as Yum! Brands. The chain basically sells seared chicken pieces and varieties, for example, wraps,chicken burgers and starters, too French fries,coleslaw, sweets and other sodas, frequently provided by PepsiCo. Its most well known item is singed chicken pieces, prepared with Sanders 11 herbs and flavors Original Recipe. The exact idea of these fixings are obscure, and speak to a momentous prized formula has been kept on this delightful formula. The popular motto for KFC is finger lickin acceptable, which has later been supplanted by So great, and Nobody does chicken like KFC. China and US,its home nation together contain around half of its outlets which are KFCs two significant single markets. Presentation OF LEADERS Organization A: JIM SKINNER James Alan Skinner was brought into the world 1944 in Illinois. He is an American business official. He was the Vice Chairman and CEO of McDonalds Corporation. Skinner started his profession with McDonalds in 1971 as an eatery administrator student in Carpentersville, Illinois. Skinner graduated secondary school in 1962 at West High School in Davenport, Iowa,[2] he proceeded to begin serving about ten years in the United States Navy, Skinner started his vocation with McDonalds as an eatery chief student in Carpentersville, Illinois in 1971, and from that point forward has held various authority positions. He never moved on from college.[3] He began like such huge numbers of different young people, filling in as a passage level team individual at the old McDonalds on Brady Street in Davenport.[4] Prior to turning out to be CEO, Skinner was President and Chief Operating Officer of the McDonalds Restaurant Group with corporate administration duty regarding Asia, Middle East and Africa ( AMEA), and Latin America. Before that, he was answerable for McDonalds Japan Limited, their second-biggest market. Skinner held various situations in the U.S. Organization, including Director of Field Operations, Market Manager, Regional Vice President and U.S. Senior Vice President and Zone Manager. Connection: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Skinner Organization B: ROGER EATON Conceived in South Africa, Eaton moved to Australia in 1984.[2] Prior to turning out to be President and Chief Concept Officer of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), he was Senior Vice President/Managing Director of YUM! Eateries International South Pacific from 2000 to 2008.[1] In April 2009, he showed up in an American business advancing the acquaintance of Kentucky Grilled Chicken with the KFC menu.[3] In May 2009, he showed up again in an American business to report the completion of the free Kentucky Grilled Chicken that was advanced before. Because of overpowering achievement, the organization couldn't stand to respect the coupons, and Eaton needed to report later remuneration for the coupons.[4] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Eaton Roger Eaton became President of KFC Corporation in mid 2008. Eaton is a universal eatery industry veteran and has been with Yum! Brands for a long time. Preceding taking on the top employment at KFC, Roger was Chief Operating and Development Officer for Yum! Since 2000, he has filled in as Senior Vice President/Managing Director of Yum! Eateries International South Pacific (SOPAC). Prior in his profession, Eaton was Regional Operations Director of KFC SOPAC, General Manager of KFC New Zealand and Finance Director of KFC SOPAC. Under his authority, SOPAC has had 27 successive quarters of gainful same store deals development, just as a predictable above objective new eatery manufactures. http://topics.wsj.com/individual/E/roger-eaton/802 Roger Eaton fills in as Yum! Boss Operations Officer, a position he has held since late 2011. Roger has additionally filled in as Chief Executive Officer of KFC U.S. in the wake of filling in as President of KFC Corporation. Eaton is a worldwide café industry veteran and has been with Yum! Brands for a long time. Before his jobs at KFC U.S., Roger was Chief Operating and Development Officer for Yum! Brands. He has likewise filled in as Senior Vice President/Managing Director of Yum! Cafés International South Pacific (SOPAC). Prior in his profession, Eaton was Regional Operations Director of KFC SOPAC, General Manager of KFC New Zealand and Finance Director of KFC SOPAC. Under his administration, SOPAC had 27 sequential quarters of beneficial same store deals development, just as steady above objective new eatery fabricates. http://www.yum.com/organization/srofficers.asp CURRENT SITUATION OF THE COMPANYS Organization A: MCDONALDS http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/Investors%202012/2011%20Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf first section Organization B: KFC http://www.yum.com/annualreport/ first section which means of a pioneer: A pioneer is an individual who impacts a gathering of individuals towards the accomplishment of an objective. http://www.vtaide.com/gleanings/leader.htm Authority IN COMPANY Organization A: MCDONALDS Genuinely a charming and transformational pioneer, many property McDonalds pivot in the previous not many years to the endeavors of Skinner; in addition to the fact that he revitalized the association, yet he rethought the inexpensive food business with another vision and heading (Hume, 2007). Right off the bat in the pivot, he was one of the draftsmen of the Plan to Win activity which recharged McDonalds center focal point of store tasks. His political race to the CEO post gave some security and confidence to the association. Hume takes note of that one of the key components to his prosperity was his huge involvement in abroad markets that gave him extraordinary assorted variety introduction which was vital for the worldwide organization. This decent variety has unquestionably helped giving McDonalds an upper hand, and was vital in the worldwide correspondence among workers and clients (Daft, 2008, p. 334). One of his prominent accomplishments during his residency with respect to au thority was battling the McJob shame; he caused workers to feel significant and started to advance the different situations in a more brilliant light through promoting efforts (Hume, 2007). As far as Mr. Skinners theory, he is essentially centered around consumer loyalty. He accepts that is important to initially meet client desires and afterward center around the eateries themselves. The way of thinking additionally incorporates keeping things basic and reasonable for each store while ensuring that everybody is adjusted around that one thought. The thought is coordinated towards showing up, thinking about how the eatery looks and how you present yourself. Another significant part of his way of thinking is the dread of lack of concern. Thusly, he supports inventiveness, yet in addition needs to ensure that individuals don't forget about the chains essential destinations (Hume, 2007). Hence, there is a solid spotlight on thinking of good, innovative methodologies, and afterward investing the full energy into fruitful execution. For Mr. Skinner, a companywide activity is consistently an unquestionable requirement, and never a possibly. Skinner is likewise a man of qualiti es and morals: When McDonalds was accused for the stoutness issue, he guided the organization to assume liability and help make an answer instead of pass the fault. In this manner, Skinner can be viewed as an ethical pioneer and image of making the best choice for McDonalds (Daft, 2008, p. 169). At last, one of Skinners proceeding with fundamental objectives is ability the executives and authority advancement (Hume, 2007). This includes basic undertakings, for example, revamping people into various jobs and recognizing expected pioneers to be granted extra obligation. While a large number of the Mr. Skinners esteems are not effectively discernable on surface, his administration was seen at the eateries watched. The consideration with respect to consumer loyalty was generally self-evident, representatives were consistently gracious and the eatery was spotless. During certain perceptions, representatives were seen conversing with customary clients past the ordinary assistance connections, exhibiting some degree of closeness between them. Also, practically all workers appear

Communication Skills Advertisement

Question: Talk about theCommunication Skillsfor Advertisement. Answer: Presentation Ad is the type of showcasing correspondence towards advancing the items and administrations to the clients. Be that as it may, may clients are currently urged to peruse online surveys before buying any item or administration. This examination will look at the impact of organization commercial and online audits on customer buying choice. Besides, the examination will choose five explain book references like diary, magazine and site towards contrasting organization promotion and online audits. Conversation Chen, M. 2016. Can two-sided messages increment the accommodation of online reviews?.Online Information Review, 40(3), pp.316-332. This diary article has underlined on the advantages of two side messages of online audits for the clients. In online survey framework, alongside accepting the highlights and advantages of the items and administration, the clients can likewise get the genuine encounter of the items and administration. According to Chen (2016), the client created substance hold more obvious data than the organization created content, as the clients have no intension to lie about the items or administrations. Then again, todays shoppers have an idea that organization commercial regularly contains one-sided data just for propelling clients towards buying its items or administrations. Henceforth, the purchasers accept more on online audit for getting the genuine quality and adequacy of the items and administrations. Tsao, W. 2014, Which sort of online audit is increasingly convincing? The impact of shopper surveys and pundit appraisals on moviegoers,Electronic Commerce Research,vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 559-583. Purchaser purchasing conduct has changed significantly in the course of the most recent twenty years. Associations are not just confined inside basically making alluring promotion for pulling in the clients. With an intension to get further information about buyer buying conduct, the associations are giving the choices of online audit for their items and administration. Tsao (2014) called attention to that online surveys are progressively persuasive on shoppers towards molding their demeanor and conduct about the items. The adequacy of correspondence in online audit is incredible to convince customer purchasing choice than the convention organization promotions. In addition, in online survey, clients can pass judgment and assess the items and administrations dependent on useful encounters. Then again, organization ads simply give an outline of the item and administration highlights. Subsequently, purchasers are bound to have confidence in online audits than organization notices. Tseng, C., Kuo, H. what's more, Chen, J. 2014. Do Types of Virtual Community Matter for the Effects of online Advertisement and Electronic Words of Mouth?.Marketing Review (Xing Xiao Ping Lun), 11(1), pp.028-050. Todays clients are increasingly disposed to share their experience, thoughts and information about the items or administrations, which they use in their day by day life. Organization ads are increasingly appealing towards pulling in the clients through featuring the great highlights of the items and administrations. The clients may not get the genuine encounter with the items administration through organization promotion. Thus, todays clients are very little pulled in towards the organization commercial. Then again, virtual network of clients is shaped through online audits about the results of administrations. This virtual network can get down to earth and genuine encounters of their pre-owned items and administrations (Tseng, Kuo and Chen 2014). Consequently, clients are high urged to see online surveys before buying any new items and administrations. Nonetheless, this diary article isn't a lot of later and solid on looking at the two factors as far as alluring shopper buying condu ct. Consequently, this article would not be fitting to use to settle on the announcement. Britt, P. 2017,Customer Reviews Require the Right Response, Information Today, Inc, Medford. This magazine article features on the realities that todays clients don't just depend on organization ad, valuing system and promoting materials of organization. Shoppers are progressively dependent on the data, which they see on outsider audit locales. According to Britt (2017), 90% customers read the online audit before buying the items or administration. 88% buyers trust on online surveys than the other commercial procedure of the organization. In online survey, alongside the positive destinations, the clients can likewise get a thought of the provisos living inside the items and administrations. Then again, organization commercial is basically uneven and stays away from the showing the negative sides of the items and administrations. Thus, shoppers accept more on online audits than on organization commercials. Accc.gov.au. 2017.Managing on the web audits. [online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/business/publicizing advancing your-business/overseeing on the web surveys. According to Accc.gov.au ( 2017), online audits give additional data to the clients, which depends on the genuine experience of the items and administrations. Then again, organization notice does consistently give genuine data with respect to the items. In addition, through online surveys, the clients can get autonomous and certifiable data with respect to the particular items or administrations. Then again, while contrasting and the notices, online surveys can give individual experience about the items and administrations. Subsequently, the clients can confide in more on online audits than on organization promotions. Synopsis While finishing up all the clarify lists of sources, it tends to be said that clients are more disposed to accept on online surveys than on organization promotions. Organization notices essentially give the diagram and great sides about the items and administrations. Then again, online audits give veritable data in regards to the item experience. Thus, the clients can get solid thoughts regarding the items and administrations before buying them. Reference List Accc.gov.au. 2017.Managing on the web surveys. [online] Available at: https://www.accc.gov.au/business/publicizing advancing your-business/overseeing on the web audits. Britt, P. 2017,Customer Reviews Require the Right Response, Information Today, Inc, Medford. Chen, M. 2016. Can two-sided messages increment the accommodation of online reviews?.Online Information Review, 40(3), pp.316-332. Tsao, W. 2014, Which sort of online survey is increasingly influential? The impact of purchaser audits and pundit evaluations on moviegoers,Electronic Commerce Research,vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 559-583. Tseng, C., Kuo, H. also, Chen, J. 2014. Do Types of Virtual Community Matter for the Effects of online Advertisement and Electronic Words of Mouth?.Marketing Review (Xing Xiao Ping Lun), 11(1), pp.028-050.

PROSTITUTION -this is for health ethics and law in Canada class Essay

PROSTITUTION - this is for wellbeing morals and law in Canada class - Essay Example This hypothesis fits very well with the contention supporting it, as it instructs that people have an obligation and a duty of acting likewise paying little heed to the outcomes that will go before their activities (Longworth, 2010). The utilitarian moral hypothesis expresses that the decision that yields the best advantage to a larger part of people is the decision that is morally right. It puts the locus of what's up and right exclusively on the result of picking ones intrigue activities considering different people groups intrigue. The hypothesis is against prostitution law in an exertion of decreasing affliction or negatives results to the general public. The rule put together hypothesis centers with respect to primary standards of morals, for example, regarding the person’s self-governance, equity, value, and non-evil practice. Along these lines, it calls for deceptive stoppage of prostitution to ensure human pride (Irvine, Osborne, Shariff and Sneiderman, 2013). The morals of care hypothesis, despite what might be expected, is on the side of prostitution. From the hypothesis, it is imperative to comprehend the different degrees of reliance of every person, as it is basic to think about various circumstances with an end goal to defending and advancing the particular enthusiasm of the casualties in question. Numerous people see sex fill in as exploitative yet for them; it is a wellspring of live nourishment, and they can't make due without. This has been upheld by moral relativism wellspring of profound quality that is worried about the good judgment’s contrasts across various societies. It recognizes that people in a single manner will differ about what is morally good, yet no one rises unbiasedly off-base or right (Fisher, 2013). As per subjectivism wellspring of profound quality, subjectivism is as indicated by reality state of articulation that â€Å"prostitution is wrong† from the ethical human norm. Therefore, it dislikes the demonstration exposing it to be ethically dishonest rehearsing it. From objectivism dependent on power wellspring of

Whistle-Blowing Coursework - 825 Words

Whistle-Blowing Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: WhistleblowingNameInstitutionIntroductionWhistleblowing has become one acknowledgeable ethical practice in the business world. The call for accountability is booming especially with regards to the legal protection stipulated by the constitution. However, the process of whistleblowing and the consequences are not predictable events. From a personal point of understanding, the engagement requires one first to assess the situation in which he or she will conduct the whistleblowing. Further, one ought to consider gathering ample evidence and exercise preparedness for any repercussions associated with the act. There are merits and cons of being a whistleblowing.Pros and cons of being a whistle-blowerProsFirst, being a whistle-blower gives one an opportunity of exposing improper or inappropriate behaviour in organisations or businesses (Lombardo, 2015). It is imperative to note that being a whistle-blower does not change the corporate society at large. However, one becomes a good example of facilitating accountability where necessary. The exposure of improper behaviour in organisations may facilitate the reduction in the level of losses by the companies. One may feel a sense of self-satisfaction by working in a place where ethics is followed to the letter.Further, whistle-blowers enjoy legal protection by the constitution. The federal government has a whistle-blowers protection program that protects the good people who report violations (Lombardo, 2015). Therefore, it is at one's discretion to ensure that he or she discloses any feasible wrong doings. For instance, the act of disclosing some actions that may cost the government large amounts of money. There is a likelihood of one upgrading his or her portfolio in the context of the honest people. Recently, being a whistle-blower comes with fiscal rewards that may surpass the aggregate income one would get. That means that one can secure or protect himself from the retaliation.Pros and cons of being a whistle-blowerConsFirst, being a whistle-blower could diminish oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s career prospects (Lombardo, 2015). There is a possibility that the company and the employees who act as whistle-blowers can face a downside. The public appearances and practical participation in the government investigations make it hard for an employee to secure employment elsewhere.Further, being a whistle-blower could lead to personal complications (Lombardo, 2015). For instance, the legal protection may not be good enough to protect one against retaliators. Alternatively, failure to provide outstanding evidence could lead to complicated lawsuits and investigations. Finally, one could be perceived to be a snitch whenever he or she engages in whistleblowing. Therefore, others might believe that one is doing it for financial gains. The ultimate situation is that the whistle-blower lives a complicated life henceforth.Ethical behaviour of Douglas Durand and Federal GovernmentDouglas Durand and the federal government all demonstrated unethical behaviour in the manner through which they approached the claims of hiked prices of products. First, Douglas choose to investigate a company and practices that he was in a position to resolve (Weinberg,Â2014). His intentions are explained to oscillate around earning the award given by the government when it applies fines the TAP Pharmaceutical Company. Alternatively, the government seems to intimidate and even consider evidence that ought not to be used against players in the health sector. Accordingly, both Douglas and the federal government were not supposed to act out of selfish interests.Recommendations to TAP PharmaceuticalsFrom an analytical point of understanding, the TAP Company may have had a set of issues to answer. Therefore, the company needs to develop measures that would save it from suffering similar suits. First, the company should come up with a reliable system for hiring honest employees. Douglas was an employee whose disho nesty is reflected by negligence to correct a situation (Weinberg,Â2014). Further, the company should establish strict accounting policies to ensure there are no cases of fraud. That will save the organisation from suffering the financial loss it suffered through paying a fine to the government. Employee ... Whistle-Blowing Coursework - 825 Words Whistle-Blowing Coursework (Coursework Sample) Content: WhistleblowingNameInstitutionIntroductionWhistleblowing has become one acknowledgeable ethical practice in the business world. The call for accountability is booming especially with regards to the legal protection stipulated by the constitution. However, the process of whistleblowing and the consequences are not predictable events. From a personal point of understanding, the engagement requires one first to assess the situation in which he or she will conduct the whistleblowing. Further, one ought to consider gathering ample evidence and exercise preparedness for any repercussions associated with the act. There are merits and cons of being a whistleblowing.Pros and cons of being a whistle-blowerProsFirst, being a whistle-blower gives one an opportunity of exposing improper or inappropriate behaviour in organisations or businesses (Lombardo, 2015). It is imperative to note that being a whistle-blower does not change the corporate society at large. However, one becomes a good example of facilitating accountability where necessary. The exposure of improper behaviour in organisations may facilitate the reduction in the level of losses by the companies. One may feel a sense of self-satisfaction by working in a place where ethics is followed to the letter.Further, whistle-blowers enjoy legal protection by the constitution. The federal government has a whistle-blowers protection program that protects the good people who report violations (Lombardo, 2015). Therefore, it is at one's discretion to ensure that he or she discloses any feasible wrong doings. For instance, the act of disclosing some actions that may cost the government large amounts of money. There is a likelihood of one upgrading his or her portfolio in the context of the honest people. Recently, being a whistle-blower comes with fiscal rewards that may surpass the aggregate income one would get. That means that one can secure or protect himself from the retaliation.Pros and cons of being a whistle-blowerConsFirst, being a whistle-blower could diminish oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s career prospects (Lombardo, 2015). There is a possibility that the company and the employees who act as whistle-blowers can face a downside. The public appearances and practical participation in the government investigations make it hard for an employee to secure employment elsewhere.Further, being a whistle-blower could lead to personal complications (Lombardo, 2015). For instance, the legal protection may not be good enough to protect one against retaliators. Alternatively, failure to provide outstanding evidence could lead to complicated lawsuits and investigations. Finally, one could be perceived to be a snitch whenever he or she engages in whistleblowing. Therefore, others might believe that one is doing it for financial gains. The ultimate situation is that the whistle-blower lives a complicated life henceforth.Ethical behaviour of Douglas Durand and Federal GovernmentDouglas Durand and the federal government all demonstrated unethical behaviour in the manner through which they approached the claims of hiked prices of products. First, Douglas choose to investigate a company and practices that he was in a position to resolve (Weinberg,Â2014). His intentions are explained to oscillate around earning the award given by the government when it applies fines the TAP Pharmaceutical Company. Alternatively, the government seems to intimidate and even consider evidence that ought not to be used against players in the health sector. Accordingly, both Douglas and the federal government were not supposed to act out of selfish interests.Recommendations to TAP PharmaceuticalsFrom an analytical point of understanding, the TAP Company may have had a set of issues to answer. Therefore, the company needs to develop measures that would save it from suffering similar suits. First, the company should come up with a reliable system for hiring honest employees. Douglas was an employee whose disho nesty is reflected by negligence to correct a situation (Weinberg,Â2014). Further, the company should establish strict accounting policies to ensure there are no cases of fraud. That will save the organisation from suffering the financial loss it suffered through paying a fine to the government. Employee ...

Change Management Organisations - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3274 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Change Management Strategy Report Organisations are highly specialized systems and people working within the organisations are generally cynical to change in the work environment as they dont want to get into uncharted territory. It is the natural tendency of human being to live in their comfort zone and no one likes to be comfortable being uncomfortable even for a short duration (during the change process). But, for organisations to survive and succeed in the current environment change is no longer optional. Organisations have to learn to love change to stay ahead of competition. An overview of change management Definition Change management is about moving from one state to another, specifically, from the problem state to the solved state (Jung, 2001). But, the organisational terminology for change management can be varied and ‘change may be used under different terms. E.g. when a company talks about re-engineering, restructuring, promoting cultural transformation, or keeping pace with the industry, then it is talking about change. Lewin (1951) conceptualized that change can occur at three levels. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Change Management Organisations" essay for you Create order Change in the individuals who work in the organisation – that is their skills, values, attributes, and eventually behaviour. Leaders have to make sure that such individual behavioural change is always regarded as instrumental to organisational change. Change in the organisational structures and systems – reward systems, reporting relationships, work design and so on. A direct change in the organisation climate or interpersonal style – dealing with people relationships, conflict management and the process of decision making. (Leonard et al., 2003, cited in Mabey Mayon-White (ed)) Change can be further classified as planned and emergent. When change is deliberate and is a product of conscious reasoning and actions is supposed to be planned. Emergent change is a direct contract to this and unfolds in an apparently spontaneous and unplanned way. Drivers of change Change is mostly driven by circumstances and always takes place with a particular goal in mind. Some of the common drivers of change are, to keep pace with the changing environment, to beat competition, technological changes to improve process efficiency etc. No matter what the driver for change is, the goal of the whole process is to lead the organisation into a future state which is different from the current state under which the organisation operates. (Nicols, 2006) The scope and scale of change can vary. E.g. Change can be limited a particular department (operations, marketing etc.) or it might affect the whole organisation, it might relate to only a group of people or might affect every employee in the organisation. Initiators of change Irrespective of its nature, change has to be initiated, driven and implemented by someone. This is where leadership fits into the change management process. It has been found that organisations that have been successful in coping with change have strong leadership that guides the team through a series of initial steps that set the stage for success (Nadler, 2001). Leaders are responsible for bringing about change in a staged and planned manner. Dirks (2000) points out that change has to be instigated and it is the leader who instigates the change by his vision and persuasion. Nadler, Thies and Nadler (2001) suggest that, for effective change to occur, and in particular cultural change, there is no substitute for the active engagement of the leadership and executive team. Top leaders must assume the role of chief architect of the change process. Cartwright and Cooper (1993) take this one step further by suggesting that it is important that employees at all levels become i nvolved in the change process. Jung (2001) also views managers as playing key roles in developing, transforming and institutionalizing organisational culture during the change process. For managing an organisation wide change, the leadership has to possess an unusually broad and finely honed set of skills. It needs to have a clear sense of mission and delegate task effectively to build a whole team of ‘change agents. The structure of the organisation needs to change to one with less internal bureaucracy. Hatch (2000) suggests that the implementation of any change process often flounders because it is improperly framed by top management. The key to choosing the right approach to change is thus to keep in mind how organisations function. As social systems comprising work, people, formal and informal systems, organisations are inherently resistant to change and designed to neutralize the impact of attempts at change (Chemers, 2001). Leaders play a critical role in sel ecting and planning appropriate change Reluctance to organisational change Gofee and Jones (2001) point out that the reluctance to organisational change from employees and other staff is primarily due to the way change is implemented and the abilities of the leader in bringing about the change rather than the nature of change itself. Bridges (1991) believes that it isnt the actual change that individuals resist, but rather the transition that must be made to accommodate the change. Organisational change entails change in the work process, culture and the nature of an employees working conditions. Psychologists believe that resistance to change is because of people being afraid of the unknown. During times of change, it is important that the leaders of the organisation create an atmosphere of psychological safety for all individuals to engage in the new behaviours and test the waters of the new culture after the change has been implemented. Approaches to change Change can be classified in a number of ways. The categorization depends on the extent of the change and whether it is seen as organic (often characterized as bottom-up) or driven (top-down). Ackermans change classification segregates change into Developmental change may be either planned or emergent; it is first order, or incremental. It is change that enhances or corrects existing aspects of an organisation, often focusing on the improvement of a skill or process. (Ackermann, 1997) Transitional change seeks to achieve a known desired state that is different from the existing one. It is episodic, planned and second order, or radical. Transformational change is radical or second order in nature. It requires a shift in assumptions made by the organisation and its members. Transformation can result in an organisation that differs significantly in terms of structure, processes, culture and strategy. It may, therefore, result in the creation of an organisation that operate s in developmental mode – one that continuously learns, adapts and improves. (Mabey Mayon-White (ed), 2003) Implementing change It is widely believed that the way an organisation adapts to change is fundamental to its success. In an ever increasing competitive environment, change is ubiquitous and the way employees respond to change (resistance/acceptance) has been identified to play a vital role in the change management process. Managing organisational change requires more than reengineering and restructuring systems and processes. It requires managing the human responses that accompany any organisational change (Darwin et al., 2002). For its smooth implementation, the change management process has to be carefully planned and the onus is on the leader to ensure a hassle free implementation through effective and sensible planning, confident and effective decision-making, and regular, complete and timely communication with the employees (Simon Newell, 2006). Factors such as organisation culture, structure of the organisation, bureaucracy, employee attitudes, business model etc. also play their part in implementing change. Skills needed for effective change implementation Authors like Nadler and Thies (2001) have stressed on the importance of problem solving within the change management process and argue that change can only be effectively implemented by good problem solvers. Managing change is seen as a matter of moving from one state to another, specifically, from the problem state to the solved state therefore diagnosis of problems at each stage and coming out with a solution to those problems plays a big part in the change management process (Champy, 2005). Implementation difficulties Bringing about major change in a large and complex organisation is a difficult task. Policies, procedures and structures need to be altered. Individuals and groups have to be motivated to continue perform in the face of major turbulence. It is not surprising, therefore, that the process of effectively implementing organisational change has long been a topic that both managers and researchers have pondered (Nadler, cited in Mabey and Mayon-White, 2003). Beer et al. (2003) believe that most change programs dont work because they are guided by a theory of change that is fundamentally flawed. The problem with most company-wide change programs is that they address only one or two the crucial factors (coordination, teamwork, commitment, structure of the organisation, organisation culture) Change Management Strategy As a part of the strategy, a feasibility analysis needs to be done to assess whether the change the organisation is looking to bring about is feasible considering the present state of the organisation (Huy, 2002). Organisational configurations need to be assessed before deciding on the proper change management strategy. Change management is a three pronged strategy: transform, reduce and apply. Before the change process is drafted, it is the responsibility of the change initiator / leader for assessing the difference between the current state of affairs and the state accomplished after the change process which Haslam Platow (2001) terms as the transform state. This is an assessment stage which requires the leaders to assess the goals. After goal assessment, the strategy should be to try to determine ways to narrow the gap through the change process (reduce stage) and subsequently delegate responsibility to play operators (like divisional heads and other departmental leade rs) to actually effect the elimination of these differences. During the change implementation process, the leader should play a key role, firstly, in the identification of the changes necessary to produce the required outcomes and then to put an implementation process in place to bring about those changes. Champy (2005) believes that the leader is the one responsible for the how, what and why of the change process. It is the leader who should be responsible for identifying how the changes can be effectively implemented with least resistance from employees by taking into consideration the organisation structure and culture. Communication should also form a part of the change management strategy. The change initiator and implementer have to play the role of an effective communicator to inform the employees of the reasons behind the changes. It has to be remembered that organisations change is always brought about by team work and the change process requires frequent commu nication with all the members of the organisation. Leadership approach should be to address resistance through increased and sustained communications and education. As a part of the strategy, employees should be encouraged to express their ideas and concerns with regards to the change. Change management should start with the change manager mobilizing commitment to change through joint diagnosis of business problems. A shared vision of how to organize and manage competitiveness needs to be developed. Consensus has to be fostered for the new vision. Once there is a consensus, leaders and change agents should have the competence to enact it and the cohesion to move it along. The change management process and the strategy have to revitalize all departments without pushing change from the top. As a part of the implementation strategy, the leader should monitor and adjust strategies in response to problems in the revitalization process. Also, all too often change agents try to completely change the culture of the organisations within the change management process. The strategy should be to try to control the culture rather than influence it. Leaders dont have to drive the change but supervise it. Change has to be implemented and driven by the people who get affected by the change. Mumford et al. (2002) point out that the reluctance to organisational change from employees and other staff is primarily due to the way change is implemented and the abilities of the leader in bringing about the change rather than the nature of change itself. Changing the culture of an organisation should be a gradual transformation process. Change management strategy should ensure that much of the task is delegated to the departments and leadership is mainly concerned in coordinating between the departments. It has to be made sure that the departments understand the importance of change through their effective, timely and regular communication. Departmental heads shou ld be made to realize the importance of establishing a sense of urgency and enthusiasm about the change. Change should never try to be rushed. Communication between organisational members, at all levels, from management and among peers, should be a major priority in any change process. A feeling of ‘No Consultation occurs among employees is they are not properly communicated; therefore ‘consultative leadership should be followed during the change process. Transparency and trust also form a very important part of the change management process. As a part of the change management strategy, leaders need to select carefully the method or approach to be used to manage the change process and develop a new culture following the change. They have to establish effective channels of communication which involve individuals at all levels of the organisation to inform individuals of the stages to be followed and to outline clearly outcomes for them. Above all, they need to lead in a positive manner, recognizing that change is an emotive process and people need to be ‘changed with dignity by acknowledging contributions and justifying the reasons for them personally to move on. Word of caution – Even though, bringing about a change is important for organisations to stay competitive in the global market environment, organisations have to bear in mind that they dont thrust change on their employees. The infrastructure for implementation of change management has to be ready before the implementation. The change process has to be correctly configured and the need for change has to be clearly communicated to the employees who will be affected by it. Conclusions An organisation is a complex entity and bringing about a change is an equally complex ordeal. Orchestrating a companywide change process is a delicate balance which requires able leadership. Effective leader make the change process easy for themselves and the organisation. But, playing a leadership role within the change process is far from easy. Not only do leaders have a responsibility to lead, but as an employee they have to deal with change themselves. Therefore, it is very important for leaders themselves to understand the benefits of the change process and how change is going to be implemented. They shouldnt get wrapped up in bringing about the change just for the sake of changing. Planned implementation of the change process is utmost important. Change should not be imposed on the employees without proper planning and consideration given to the organisation culture. Planning requires coordination and leaders need to coordinate between departments to successfully plan the change. Organisations should not try to change too much too soon and need to take a staged approach to change. Change should be a well thought process and implemented in a planned and systematic manner. Everyone in the organisation should be adequately informed and listened to before embarking on the cultural change process. Finkelstein Hambrick (1996) point out that the task of change management is to bring order to a messy situation, not pretend that its already well organized and disciplined and leadership is hugely responsible for bringing that semblance of order. Companies also need to have the right approach and mind step to deal with the change process. Successful organisations drive change rather than being driven by the change. Although, the strategic decision to change comes from the top management but the implementation should always be a bottom up process. HPs didnt get either of those decisions right; its decision to change came too late (when Dell had already gained ground and had the first over advantage) due to which it tried to impose the change from top down. It is worth mentioning that change management strategy adopted is also reliant on the type of organisation. Different organisations may need to approach change differently and the type of change management approach adopted should be consistent with the objectives of the organisation and its situation. For example, an organisation whose future depended on improving customer service should, logically, adopt a change model focused on improving processes that have a direct bearing on that objective and removing obstacles that prevent its achievement. This is because; a disjunction between the objective and the mechanism would result in untoward or unwanted results. References Books and Journals Ackerman, D (1997) A natural history of senses, London, Financial Times Adler, Nancy J. (2003) (third edition). International dimensions of organisational behavior. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western College Publishing. Bacal, R (2006) How to manage performance (Mighty Manager), New York, Harvard Business School Press Bluedorn, A. C. (2000). ‘Time and organisational culture. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organisational Culture and Climate, pp. 117–129. Sage Publications, London. Brown, M. C. 2002. Organisational Performance: The succession effect. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27: 1–16. Chemers, M. M. (2001). ‘Leadership effectiveness: An integrative review. In: M. A. Hogg and S. Tindale (eds), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Group processes, pp. 376–399. Blackwell, Maulden, MA. Champy, J. (1995). Reengineering Management: The Mandate for New Leaders hip. Harper Business, New York. Child, John. (2001). Culture, contingency and capitalism in the cross-national study of organisations. In L.L. Cummings B.M. Staw, Research in organisational behavior, 3: 303-56. New York: JAI. Conger, J. and R. Kanugo (1987). ‘Toward a behavioural theory of charismatic leadership in organisational settings, Academy of Management Review, 12, pp. 637–647. Dirks, K. T. 2000. Trust in leadership and team performance: Evidence from NCAA basketball. Journal of Applied Psychology,85: 1004–1012. Finkelstein, S., Hambrick, D. C. 1996. Strategic leadership: Top executives and their effect on organisations. St. Paul: West Educational Publishing. Goffee, R. and G. Jones (2001). ‘Organisational culture: a sociological perspective. In C. L. Cooper, S. Carwright and P. C. Earley, The International Handbook of Organisational Culture. John Wiley Sons Ltd, Chichester. Harrison, R.C (1972) When power conflicts trigge r team spirit. European Business, Spring, 27-65 Haslam, S. A. and M. J. Platow (2001). ‘Your wish is our command: the role of shared social identity in translating a leaders vision into followers action. In: M. A. Hogg and D. Terry (eds), Social identity processes in organisations, pp. 213–228. Psychology Press, New York. Hatch, M. J. (2000). ‘The cultural dynamics of organizing and change. In: N. M. Ashkanasy, C. P. E. Wilderom and M. F. Peterson (eds), Handbook of Organisational Culture and Climate, pp. 245–261. Sage Publications Inc., London. Herscovitch, L. and J. P. Meyer (2002). ‘Commitment to organisational change: Extension of a three-component model, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, pp. 474–487. Huy, Q. N. (2002). ‘Emotional balancing of organisational continuity and radical change: The contribution of middle managers, Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, pp. 31–69. Jones,G Goffee, R (2001)Why sho uld anyone be led by you, New York, Harvard Business School Press Jung, D. (2001). ‘Transformational and transactional leadership and their effects on creativity in groups, Creativity Research Journal, 13, pp. 185–195. Lewin, K (1951). Frontiers in group dynamics, Human Relations,1, 5-41 Mabey,C Mayon-White, B (2003) Managing Change (2nd edn.), London, PCP Publishing Mumford, M. D., G. M. Scott, B. Gaddis and J. M. Strange (2002). ‘Leading creative people: Orchestrating expertize and relationships, Leadership Quarterly, 13, pp. 705–750. Nadler, D. A., P. K. Thies and M. B. Nadler (2001). ‘Culture Change in the Strategic enterprize: Lessons from the Field. In: C. L. Cooper, S. Carwright and P. C. Earley, The International Handbook of Organisational Culture and Climate John Wiley Sons Ltd, Chichester. Websites Nicols,F (2006) Change Management https://home.att.net/~OPSINC/change.pdf Date accessed 21/03/2007 The institute of Direct Marketing (2006) Leadership, change management and corporate culture Nicols,F (2006) Change Management https://home.att.net/~OPSINC/change.pdf Date accessed 20/05/2007 Types of change (2006) University of Luton Study https://www.effectingchange.luton.ac.uk/types_of_change/pdf/types.pdf Date accessed 20/05/2007

Anemia Is Common Among Individuals With Human...

Anemia is common among individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection [1]. In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of anemia is high people living with HIV are likely to be malnourished, have low CD4 counts and have high rates of comorbidities such as tuberculosis and malaria [2, 3] The presence of anemia predicts poor clinical outcomes like death, clinical progression to AIDS, morbidity and a poor quality of life during the course of the HIV infection whether the person is on ART or not [4, 5, 6]. Those who recover from the anemia have better clinical outcomes [7].Therefore reducing anemia is a key component of care in people living with HIV. Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves hemoglobin levels and provides a†¦show more content†¦For example, anemia caused by HIV and drug toxicity from antiretrovirals and prophylaxis such as zidovudine and cotrimoxazole is important in people on ART in contrast to the general population and those who are ART naà ¯ve. Therefore the approach to addressing anemia between these different groups should be different. As HIV/AIDS programs across sub-Saharan Africa are maturing− more people are failing their first line ART regimens and are requiring second line ART regimens− the programs should have strategies in place to improve survival and to reduce morbidity while on ART [12]. In one part, these strategies should identify those people at a greater risk of anemia during treatment. We studied a cohort of Malawians on second line ART to describe the prevalence of anemia and identify those individuals at risk of having anemia by assessing the prevalence, type and factors associated with anemia in an ART experienced population that had switched to second line ART following prior use of first line ART. METHODS Study setting We conducted a facility-based cross sectional study at Lighthouse and Martin Preusse HIV clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi. Between these clinics 25,000 individuals are registered for care. The two clinics provide both first line and second line ART

Provide Care for Babies and Toddlers

Question: Discuss about theProvide Care for Babies and Toddlers. Answer: List some of the Organizational Policies and procedures relevant to the physical, emotional and developmental needs of babies, toddlers and older children. Babies, toddlers, and the older children all are having different types of nursing categories with which they get nourished. As per the National Quality Framework, the policies and the procedures for the developmental needs of the organization are based upon few guidelines that give the basic knowledge regarding its formulation. Those are the formulated with identifying the basic needs that can provide the response to the issues of the children. Those children can be of babies, toddlers, and older children (American Diabetes Association, 2013). That is the reason the National Quality Framework has provided with the laws of National law and which gives the idea of behaving with the children. In the older children, it is mandatory to consider the self-esteem of the children. The policy and procedure say that it is mandatory to respect the privacy of the children. Therefore under the legislation, the National Quality Standard made the provision of having a particular benchmark to provid e the standard quality of services in taking care of the babies and the toddlers. In this process, the National Quality Framework goes with its principles in guiding the services to achieve the standards of the developmental needs of the babies, toddlers, and the older children (Anglin, 2014). List one of the Quality Areas and a relevant Standard and Element of the National Quality Standard which applies to the physical, emotional and developmental needs of babies, toddlers, and older children. The National Quality Standard describes the particular process which is responsible for delivering the quality amount of services for the betterment of the children. The services that are given to the babies, toddlers, and older children are assessed by the National Quality Framework which further provides the rating to the services. In this process, the regulatory body of the National Quality Standard makes the check regarding the quality areas. Out of all the quality areas of the National Quality Standard that must be applied to the physical, emotional and developmental needs of the babies, toddlers, and the older children are the relationships with children (Berry et al., 2013)n. The sources say that the children can be taken better care by the parent where they can get more opportunities for interaction. The babies and the toddlers can get special care getting close to their parents. And the older children with more and more interaction there will have the establishment of the re spectful and positive relationship in between them. Further by taking care of the relationship the older children builds up a sense of security and belongingness within them. At the same time, the babies and the toddlers very lovingly explore the environment with getting engaged in their playing and learning process (Graham, Jordan, Yeoh, 2015). As mentioned in the question during the process of early childhood education and care services must include the food safety program that will prevent the spreading of the infectious diseases. In this process, there must be followed the safety measures by the educators and the staff members during the preparation of food. It is always necessary to wash hands before the preparation of food. Also, the cuts and or the bandages must be covered with gloves by keeping the personal hygiene in concern. Along with that, it is not mandatory to have any jewellery than few of them during cooking (James, Nelson, Ashwill, 2014). Similarly, the food after eating must be kept in the refrigerator if anything left over within two hours of consumption. Also, the food that has to be kept must be kept in the refrigerator in less than 5oC, as the microorganisms usually grow in between 5oC to 60oC. Also, the food must be heated to the temperature more than 60oC to keep in microbe free. The food storage of the raw and cooled food always has different guidelines. Both the foods should be kept separately. The raw dry foods can be kept in the air tight containers on the shelves. The cooked food also to be stored in the containers in the fridge in the cold temperature by preventing spilling as it makes contamination. The raw foods are kept separately because if it is kept with the cooked food, then the juices from the raw food can get into cooked food by contaminating it. Again while preparing the bottles that must be boiled in the heat to make it bacteria-free (Janssens et al., 2013). The bottles are stood upright. The heating of the bottles depends upon the quantity of the bottle. After that, before giving it to the infant, it must be inverted finely and let to settle down, and the temperature is tested by taking few drops in hand. After that, the bottles are to be stored on the shelf in the refrigerator, not on the doors of the refrigerator. Outline an Article of the Convention on the Rights of the Child that relates to ensuring children develops physically. In the Article of Convention of Rights of Child there contain 54 articles, and out of those 54 articles, the Article no.6 describes the factor ensuring bout the physical development of the child. It is because the Article no.6 deals with the life, survival, and development. According to the Article no.6, every child has the right towards its life. Therefore as per that condition the State has the responsibility to make the obligation that can help in ensuring the childs development and survival (King, Chiarello, 2014). Using the Code of Ethics, briefly, outline an educators professional responsibility about the physical development of children. During the development of children, for the children, the parents can also be an educator who contributes to its physical development. As the childhood is a significant time that is the reason the educator must be aware of the exact situation where the child needs which type of development. The educator must be able to recognize the strengths and the capabilities of the child after which the proper learning education should be given to the child as per his or her requirement (Lindley et al., 2013). For the physical development of the child, the educator must make the child expose to the physical environment that will help in enhancing the childs dignity, learning, interaction, self-worth, and development. By this there the child will be able to understand their relationship with the outer world and the child can easily get adapted to the natural environment. Organizational standards, policies, and procedures make a list of the policies relevant to this unit of competency. The policies and the procedures are made in this context is due to the skills and the knowledge that are attained by the educators during the process of working with the children. These are formulated to make sure by ensuring the development and maintenance of the effective relationships with the child that will further help in the promotional process of positive behaviour within the child. The development of the positive relationship with the child is made through the positive communication and interaction with children and by promoting positive behaviours with the children. Along with that, the educators must do the collaborative work with the children (Mathu-Muju, Friedman, Nash, 2013). That is the reason the educator must respect the similarities and the differences of the child that can enhance their capabilities. With having these activities, the Educator can help the child in supporting them in the decision-making the process by which they can become self-dependent. The polic y helps in making the development and implementation by ensuring the parents, supervisor and the staff members with all the requirements of the child. The policy ensures the children to adequately supervise. Along with that, the policy deals with the specific group that provides the children best opportunities. The policy ensures the encouragement of the children for expressing the opinions of the children, and by this, the children maintain the dignity and their rights which provide positive guidances. EYLF or the Early Years Learning Framework is the additional tutorial that helps the educators in providing early care, education and learning to the child. The process of EYLF in children is carried through the framework of belonging, being and becoming. In this, the EYLF can be applied where the children have the strong sense of identity along with those which can get connected to the world (Marshall, Gidman, Callery, 2013). Apart from that the children those have a strong sense of well-being can have the EYLF. Again the children those are confident learners and effective communicators can get EYLF. MTOP is the process that helps the educators of school care to have the development of self-paced professionals in the school (Lindley et al., 2013). It helps the educators of the school to make the examination of the current reflective practices which can be said to be implemented in the National Quality Framework. Due to this there develop the collaborative relationships in between the schools with the school age care services. Access the UN Convention on the rights of the child and list the articles that apply to this unit of competency. As per the UN convention, there are many Articles that directly state the development of the positive relationship with of the child and match the particular competency. Those articles include the Article no. 2, 3, 5, 12, 13, 14, 27, 29 and 31 (Marshall, Gidman, Callery, 2013). These entire articles in some way or other contribute towards the enhancement of the positive and respectful relationship with the child. In this process, the educator has its major contribution which modulates the child behaviour with their concerned actions. References American Diabetes Association. (2013). Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus.Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal,20(2). Anglin, J. P. (2014).Pain, normality, and the struggle for congruence: Reinterpreting residential care for children and youth. Routledge. Berry, J. G., Agrawal, R. K., Cohen, E., Kuo, D. Z. (2013). The landscape of medical care for children with medical complexity.Overland Park: Childrens Hospital Association. Graham, E., Jordan, L. P., Yeoh, B. S. (2015). Parental migration and the mental health of those who stay behind to care for children in South-East Asia.Social Science Medicine,132, 225-235. James, S. R., Nelson, K., Ashwill, J. (2014).Nursing care of children: Principles and practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Janssens, A., Hayen, S., Walraven, V., Leys, M., Deboutte, D. (2013). Emergency psychiatric care for children and adolescents: a literature review.Pediatric emergency care,29(9), 1041-1050. King, G., Chiarello, L. (2014). Family-Centered Care for Children With Cerebral Palsy Conceptual and Practical Considerations to Advance Care and Practice.Journal of child neurology, 0883073814533009. Lindley, L. C., Mark, B. A., Lee, S. Y. D., Domino, M., Song, M. K., Vann, J. J. (2013). Factors associated with the provision of hospice care for children.Journal of pain and symptom management,45(4), 701-711. Mathu-Muju, K. R., Friedman, J. W., Nash, D. A. (2013). Oral health care for children in countries using dental therapists in public, school-based programs, contrasted with that of the United States, using dentists in a private practice model.American journal of public health,103(9), e7-e13. Marshall, M., Gidman, W., Callery, P. (2013). Supporting the care of children with diabetes in school: a qualitative study of nurses in the UK.Diabetic Medicine,30(7), 871-877.

The Cyprus Problem Essay Example For Students

The Cyprus Problem Essay The Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus is the homeland of two distinct peoples: the Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots. Their relationship is not one of a majority and minority, but one of equal partnership. The Turkish Cypriots speak Turkish, are Muslims and share the culture of their motherland, Turkey. The Greek Cypriots, on the other hand, speak Greek, are Orthodox Christians and profess the culture of their motherland Greece. After more than 300 years of Turkish rule, the island came under British influence in 1878, but sovereignty was formally transferred by Turkey to Britain in 1923. British colonial administration continued until 1960 when as a joint bi-communal state, the DRepublic of Cyprus was founded under international treaties, signed by Great Britain, Greece and Turkey, and by the leaders of both the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities in their separate capacities. The 1960 arrangements created a political partnership between the two national communities which would enable them to share power and cooperate in a bi-communal state, with the necessary checks and balances and guarantees. Unfortunately, this political partnership and the internationally sanctioned regime lasted only three years. We will write a custom essay on The Cyprus Problem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Greek Cypriots continued unlawfully to campaign against a bi-communal independent state and on 21 December 1963 put into effect their plan for a general onslaught on the Turkish Cypriot community. The aim was to abrogate the constitution of the country through the use of force and bring about ENOSIS (annexation of Cyprus to Greece). Turkish Cypriot members of the joint Parliament and the joint Government were expelled from their offices, the entire state machinery being unilaterally usurped by the Greek Cypriots. The brutality of Greek attacks was such that the Turkish Cypriot people in no less than 103 villages had to escape for their lives into the security of small enclaves scattered all over Cyprus and an extensive refugee problem was created as a result of Greek Cypriot attacks on Turkish Cypriots throughout the island. The Turkish Cypriots became virtual prisoners and hostages in their own land. The United Nations Secretary-General described this situation as a veritable si ege. From 1964 until 1974, Turkish Cypriot people lived under difficult conditions in isolated enclaves, but they lived under their own rule. On 15 July 1974 Greece staged a coup in Cyprus with the aim of achieving ENOSIS. Turkey, one of the three guarantor states, called on Britain as the other guarantor for joint intervention under Article 4 of the Treaty of Guarantee. When Britain refrained, Turkey was compelled to intervene on her own, again in full accordance with the provisions of the said Treaty. Since then, peace and tranquility have prevailed on the island. Division of the Island 1964Turkish Cypriot families, forced to flee from their homes, withdrew into enclaves for mutual protection. This unprovoked Greek Cypriot use of force brought about the division of the island symbolized by the Green line in Nicosia. A joint political authority that could speak on behalf of both communities ceased to exist. But the Greek Cypriots, having overthrown by force the joint State and government, continued unlawfully to usurp the titles of the bi-communal State. United Nations Intervention 1964The U.N. tried to mediate, but Greek Cypriots would not allow Turkish Cypriots back into their legitimate positions in the Republic unless they abandoned fundamental constitutional safeguards. U.N. Peace-Keeping Force sent to the island in 1964 was unable to protect the Turkish Cypriots against Greek Cypriot elements who were supported by some 20,000 mainland Greek forces clandestinely sent to the island. Turkish Cypriots Held Hostage for Eleven Years 1963-1974. For the next eleven years, Turkish Cypriots were held hostage in their own land without representation in a joint government or participation in a joint administration in contravention of the 1960 Treaties. Turkish Cypriot pleas for protection and assistance were basically ignored by the international community and the U.N. during those eleven years. .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .postImageUrl , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:hover , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:visited , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:active { border:0!important; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:active , .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2 .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u15b611a2e87bfcd93fce06f5fd68b8d2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kindergarten Education EssayPeace-Keeping Force proved largely ineffective in providing security to the Turkish Cypriots. The British House of Commons Select Committee on Foreign Affairs reported in July 1987: There is little doubt that much of the violence which the Turkish Cypriots claim led to the total or partial destruction of 103 Turkish villages and the displacement of about a quarter of the total Turkish Cypriot population, was either directly inspired or certainly connived at by the Greek Cypriot leadership. The Turkish Cypriots never accepted the Greek Cypriot fait accompli of December 1963, and in the exercise of their right to self-defense, started to establish in stages a separate Turkish Cypriot administration in order to protect themselves from constant threats, and to take care of the political, economic and social needs of their own community.

Summary of the Battle of Stamford Bridge

Summary of the Battle of Stamford Bridge The Battle of Stamford Bridge was part of the invasions of Britain following the death of Edward the Confessor in 1066 and was fought September 25, 1066. English Army Harold Godwinson7,000 men Norwegian Army Harald HardradaTostig Godwinson7,500 men Battle of Stamford Bridge Following the death of King Edward the Confessor in 1066, succession to the English throne fell into dispute. Accepting the crown from the English nobles, Harold Godwinson became king on January 5, 1066. This was immediately challenged by William of Normandy and Harald Hardrada of Norway. As both claimants began building invasion fleets, Harold assembled his army on the south coast with the hope that his northern nobles could repel Hardrada. In Normandy, Williams fleet gathered, but was unable to depart St. Valà ©ry sur Somme due to adverse winds. In early September, with supplies low and his troops obligations expiring, Harold was forced to disband his army. Shortly thereafter, Hardradas forces began landing at Tyne. Aided by Harolds brother, Tostig, Hardrada sacked Scarborough and sailed up the Ouse and Humber Rivers. Leaving his ships and part of his army at Riccall, Hardrada marched on York and met the Earls Edwin of Mercia and Morcar of Northumbria in battle at Gate Fulford on September 20. Defeating the English, Hardrada accepted the citys surrender and demanded hostages. The date for the surrender and hostage transfer was set for September 25 at Stamford Bridge, just east of York. To the south, Harold received news of the Viking landing and attacks. Racing north, he gathered a new army and arrived at Tadcaster on the 24th, after marching nearly 200 miles in four days. The next day, he advanced through York to Stamford Bridge. The English arrival caught the Vikings by surprise as Hardrada had expected Harold to stay in the south to confront William. As a result, his forces were not prepared for battle and much of their armor had been sent back to their ships. Approaching Stamford Bridge, Harolds army moved into position. Before the battle commenced, Harold offered his brother the title of earl of Northumbria if he would desert. Tostig then asked what Hardrada would receive if he withdrew. Harolds reply was that since Hardrada was a tall man he could have seven feet of English earth. With neither side willing to yield, the English advanced and began the battle. The Viking outposts on the west bank of the River Derwent fought a rearguard action to allow the rest of the army to prepare. During this fight, legend refers to a single Viking berserker who single-handedly defended Stamford Bridge against all odds until stabbed from below the span by a long spear. Though overwhelmed, the rearguard provided Hardrada time to assemble his forces into a line. In addition, he dispatched a runner to summon the rest of his army, led by Eyestein Orre, from Riccall. Pushing across the bridge, Harolds army reformed and charged the Viking line. A prolonged melee ensued with Hardrada falling after being struck by an arrow. With Hardrada slain, Tostig continued the fight and was aided by Orres reinforcements. As sunset approached, both Tostig and Orre were killed. Lacking a leader the Viking ranks began to waver, and they fled back to their ships.   Aftermath and Impact of the  Battle of Stamford Bridge While exact casualties for the Battle of Stamford Bridge are not known, reports suggest that Harolds army suffered a large number of killed and wounded and that Hardradas was nearly destroyed. Of the approximately 200 ships the Vikings arrived with, only around 25 were needed to return the survivors to Norway. While Harold had won a stunning victory in the north, the situation in the south was deteriorating as William began landing his forces in Sussex on September 28. Marching his men south, Harolds depleted army met William at the Battle of Hastings on October 14. In the battle, Harold was killed and his army defeated, opening the way for the Norman conquest of England. Resources and Further Reading UK Battlefield Resource Centre: Battle of Stamford BridgeBritain Express: Battle of Stamford BridgeBattle of Stamford Bridge

Authentically Human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Authentically Human - Essay Example He suffers from a looped life in which he repeats incomplete actions anxiously. DBS (Deep Brain Stimulation) surgery improves a patients brain and helps their lives. After a patient is diagnosed with OCD, doctors can request a DBS surgery. However, after surgery, patients minds are under the control of doctors. In effect, patients do not have the ability to control their feelings and behaviors. However, patients can be able to control themselves and behaviors, as a basic human being. In the essay "Alone Together" by Sherry Turkle, she explores how robots could engage in intimate relationships with persons, as well as become a better life. People consider the ethical aspects of technological controls. Technology controls people’s feelings and constructs the virtual world, which damages social lives that separate the people from the reality. In essence, overreliance on the technologies cannot do anything on its own. Technologies become intimating with the virtual world rather than an authentic world, which is they drift people away from the real life through controlling their feelings. One of the problems associated with the use of DBS is that people change their emotions very rapidly and unreasonably. Slater expresses that along with the development of medical technology, the use of advanced medical technology brings improvement in the fight against diseases such as OCD. This technique was established on DBS treatment, which can lock off a part of humans feelings in order to treat OCD. Mario, who becomes one of the first American psychiatric patients, explains his experiences. He feels that the diagnosis and treatment process that he received from Dr. Greenberg and Rasmussen benefited him a great deal and saved his life. She says, "When Mario talks about that time now, tears come to his eyes. â€Å"It was like a miracle, I still have some OCD symptoms but way, way less. Dr. Greenberg and Rasm ussen saved my life† (241). However, DBS works to bring

Auditing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Auditing - Essay Example The employee had been steeling for years and covering her tracks by dividing the amount into very small amounts in the various accounts. Risks are more prevalent at the end of the year when there is a incase of an unusual transactions, when the companies performance is declining for no apparent reason, frequent change in business councillors and auditors, where there is a complex corporate structure and inadequate balancing of financial accounts. Audit risks include inherent risks, control risks and analytical procedure risks. Inherent risk is associated with auditor's assessment of material misstatement, it is associated with wrong information given on financial status of the various accounts. Accounts with low inherent risks include fixed assets accounts which are easy to observe and securities traded in the stock market whose price level is easily observed. Control risks are the risk that which misstatement is not easily observed and cannot be prevented or detected. The internal control system cannot detect these frauds. The assessment of control risks detects the effectiveness of the internal control to prevent and detect such misstatement. Analytical procedure risks is the risk associated with the auditor, it is a measure of the willingness of an auditor to accept the misstatement of financial statements. This risk will cause unqualified opinions on the current status of a company. The auditor can lower these risks by making sure that financial statements are not materially misstated. Both the inherent and the control risks are referred to as the risk of material misstatement. (http://www.aicpa.org/pubs/jofa/sep2000/prac_aud.htm) The analysis of Railway PLC Financial statements. According to the audited financial statements of Railway PLC the risks can be analyzed as follows: The profit and loss account for Railway PLC has two parts, the Railway and the River financial statements. This combination is not appropriate and the two sectors should be analyzed separately. In my previous discussion on the possible of the occurrence of frauds and errors, when an organization has a complex corporate structure then the risks of fraud are high. Therefore the two should be analyzed separately to reduce the occurrence of frauds and to determine their individual contribution to profits. The direct costs, depreciation and other expenses in the profit and loss account should be split into individual expenses so as to enable proper auditing in detection of any frauds. These accounts individual accounts should also be audited. Direct costs should contain fuel expenses and other accounts associated with cost of providing services. Depreciation should also be analyzed according to individual assets and this accounts forwarded for auditing. Another risk factor is the indication of revenues and expenses in thousand pounds. Each single cent should be accounted for and this is evident in the above case where an employee committed frauds through the division of a large sum of money

Two Gender System Essay Example for Free

Two Gender System Essay Setting out this boundary denies one the ability to express their sexuality freely: this may result in the discrimination and subordination of alternative forms of gender that society does not deem as â€Å"natural†. In other words, individuals who do not classify themselves as belonging to the main types of gender systems may be socially neglected and their sexuality, frowned upon. This essay will illustrate what society deems as â€Å"natural† and how the concept of gender and sexual diversity vary across cultures and historical periods. In addition, this paper will argue that the two-sex systems embedded in our society are not adequate to encompass the full spectrum of human sexuality. The â€Å"two-gender system† is defined as the classification of sex and gender into two biological categories of masculine and feminine: a social boundary used to prevent people from crossing or mixing gender roles, where the society divides people into male and female gender roles (Larkin, June. From lecture oct. 3, 2012). This binary system forces an individual to fit into one of the two categories of male or female. This bipolar categorizing of sexuality however does not and cannot encompass the full range of human sexuality. According to statistical analysis, it is said that out of 1,000 children born, seventeen children are intersexual (Fausto-Sterling, 2010, p. 14). The 1. 7 percent, though it is an estimate, is not a small number: theses intersexual individuals will feel out of place and/or easily uncomfortable in society that imposes a two-sex system. In addition, children born with both male and female anatomies as well as genitals are more likely to develop grave psychological frameworks when forced to obey the socially accepted two-gender system. The genital ambiguity in newborns is seen to be a medical emergency and in most cases, the newborns undergo surgery. Psychologist Dr. John Money further highlights this argument by claiming that gender identity can be changed and enforced upon up to eighteen months after a baby is born (Fausto-Sterling, 2010, p. 15). In the case of John/Joan however, the sex reassignment was unsuccessful. The doctors performed the procedure on John, who then was surgically turned into â€Å"Joan†. The case, although codified as John/Joan, was actually about an adult male named David Reimer. David eventually turned to masculinising medication, rejected his female assignment, and committed suicide (Fausto-Sterling, 2010, p. 15). As one can learn from David Reimer’s case, children born with genital ambiguities are faced with confusion and psychological stress as they grow up. The two-gender system leaves no room for such people to freely express themselves and their sexuality. The patients in this case, upon being obliged to follow the decisions made by the physicians, are then expected to act â€Å"natural† in the gender that was chosen for them. It is clear that the gender system embedded in society is not holistic enough for all humanity to truly express their full spectrum of sexuality. To avoid such conflicts and controversy, society should implement a wider, holistic perspective on gender and sexuality so various forms of intersexuality can be recognized and accepted as a both natural and normal way of life. Science, taking a biological approach to the topic of gender, inserts that gender and sexuality is strictly determined by the innate biological organs that one is born with. Ajnesh Prasad, in an attempt to supplement this argument, claims that â€Å"sexual difference is commonly experienced as part of ontology rather than epistemology, as part of nature instead of culture† (Prasad, 2005, p. 80). Other scholars however, argue for both a cultural and a historical perspective in explaining this gender ambiguity. The cultural view is related to the historical perspective in that while colonizers took over these already domesticated societies, they enforced strict cultural gender roles and sexual relations in order to reflect what they deemed was natural. For example, when the English settlers invaded North America, they took it as one of their primary goals to colonize the way these indigenous people dealt with sexual relations and gender: â€Å"the western imperialism†¦governance of sexual relations was central in classifying the colonizer and the colonized into spheres of distinct human kinds while policing the domestic recesses of imperial rule† (Prasad, 2005, p. 81). The gender role that was enforced was one of heterosexuality: the argument that men should act masculine and females, feminine. Previously existing practices that did not reflect this Westernized notion of heterosexuality was heavily frowned upon and neglected. This ultimately led to the subordination of other such frameworks pertaining to gender and/or sexual relations. Historical events thus as evidence from the colonization of indigenous people, renders concrete that gender is not a concept that is biologically determined, but one that implemented and reinforced through culture. Moreover, the native settlers rarely linked, â€Å"biological† sex, gender, and sexual activity together. These Native cultures were not divided up between heterosexuals and homosexuals as contemporary â€Å"Western† societies were, and in their culture, cross-working and cross-dressing men and women belonged to the other gender or to a third gender that either combined male and female features: â€Å"Encounters [were made] with male and female ‘berdache’ [meaning prostitute]. These berdache were cross dressing, cross-working people who constituted a third gender of fourth gender in some of these indigenous cultures† (Kinsman, 1996, p. 92). There were not just two gender groups, but three or four gender groups for â€Å"biological† females, and these alternate-gendered people were seen as combining the spirits of the other two genders (Kinsman, 1996, p. 93). Furthermore, the societal notion of what composes a widely accepted gender and sexual relation is extensively dependent on the culture and the fabrication of historical intervention. In conclusion, the two-gender system advocates the individuals in society to be defined as either male or female and sets limitations for individuals who do not fit into specific categories imposed on them. As a result, intersexuals or individuals born with genital ambiguity face discrimination and is forced to accept what is widely accepted as â€Å"natural† gender in society. Moreover, taking a scientific approach to gender, many argue that sexuality is determined by nature, what genitalia one is born with, but taking on a historical and cultural view, the issue bag to differ. As seen from the indigenous people and the way how two-spirited gender roles work in their society illustrates that the concept of gender is not singular and is determined by culture and society one is exposed in. The two-sex system enclosed in society is not adequate to encompass various forms of sexuality, so rather than confining one’s view to society’s ways, we should raise awareness for wider perspective on gender and sexuality to allow various forms of sexuality can be recognized.

Confucianism Essay -- Religion Religious Essays Papers

Confucianism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Confucianism is a system of thought based on the teachings of a Chinese man named Kung Fuzi. Which is latinaized as Confucius, he lived from 551 to 479 b.c.e. Confucius claimed that he was not original and neither were his teachings, but believed himself to be a â€Å"creative transmitter of wisdom from the past†. He created a moral code on based on ethics, humanity and love. Confucius philosophies emphasize the ideals of order and harmony. With the idea that people should live in harmony both with each other and with nature. To achieve this, Confucius created a system of human relationships and good government. Government to Confucius was the highest profession. He believed that if one had a good government everyone would be happy. In addition, Confucius esteemed education in high regards believing that through it, one could reach the high standard of a gentleman..   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For a religion Confucianism is very different from any other. Due to the fact that the Chinese see religion as a form of education. The purpose of Confucianism was mainly to instill moral values in a person. There is no organized church or structure, no priests, no sects, and no creed for any follow. There is no worshipping or personal relationship with god but did recognize heaven as a force of human concern. Confucius did believe that men should direct their own destiny. Confucius taught that harmony begins in the family, which was a minuet of society. In which the man of...

Marley is warning Scrooge Essay

Charles Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol in October 1843. It was the voice of the poor in London at that period. There was a great divide between the classes, Dickens wrote a Christmas Carol so that his readers could learn about the class divide and the suffering of the poor in London; Dickens shows the contrast very well in A Christmas Carol. Dickens came from a family who experienced debt. Charles’ younger years where evidently very hard, although he quoted that himself and his family ‘loved Christmas and celebrated it with a smile’, even thought he family lived on a low wage. When Dickens started to write A Christmas Carol he often walked the streets of London gathering ideas and looking at the poor people living in their slums. There is no doubt that Dickens’ life encouraged him to write A Christmas Carol, his father was thrown in prison for being in debt and Charles had to work at a boot blackening factory on the banks of the Thames. In A Christmas Carol we meet Scrooge ‘a tight fisted’ and very rich man, who lived life on as little as possible so not to ‘waste his well earned money’. In a Christmas carol he is a caricature – the worst possible person anyone could have met. Dickens lists negatives in the story to display the kind of man he is; Scrooge was a â€Å"squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner† Dickens also uses similes to describe him through out the book, it begins on a simile as ‘dead as a door nail’ this is a clichi d simile – a simile that is constantly used in common vocabulary. Dickens used a clichi because the poor and uneducated would have recognised and enjoyed his language, and the wealthy would realize the unarguable nature of the fact. He also uses then to describe Scrooge he was â€Å"as solitary as an oyster† he refuses to speak with anyone long terms at the start of the book, Dickens writes that â€Å"even blind mans dogs even hide form him†, backing up that scrooge was a caricature. Scrooge plays the part of the upper classes in London, not noticing the divide in society. The upper classes believed that the poor where too lazy to work. Therefore the Victorians created workhouses – a place where the poor worked for a bed and food for them self and their families. These places were help slightly by the work of the philanthropists. Scrooge also does not like philanthropists – people who want to collect money to help the poor â€Å"are there no prisons? † asked Scrooge. â€Å"The Treadmill and the Poor Law are in full vigour, then? † said Scrooge. â€Å"Both very busy, sir. † This show that Scrooge considers money over human welfare, and that he does not want to learn about the plight of the poor; this reflects the views of many wealthy businessmen of the day. â€Å"I’m very glad to hear it† answers Scrooge to help the philanthropists regarding the workhouse. â€Å"Many can’t go there; and many would rather die. † This depicts the truly callous side to the class division. â€Å"If they would rather die,† said Scrooge, â€Å"they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population†. The poor law was the only way of collecting money for the poor, and this tax was so very little that it hardly helped any of the poor or needy. The first ghost Scrooge is haunted by is that of his old business partner Jacob Marley. He warns of three other ghosts that will haunt Scrooge in the coming night. Jacob and Scrooge ran the business of loan agents their aim was to target the poor people of London lending them large amounts of money, money these people could ill afford and when the deadline came to pay him back; and may couldn’t they where thrown into prison and their belongings sold. Marley wore chains â€Å"I wear the chain I forged in life,† said Marley â€Å"I made it link by link, and yard by yard; I girded it on of my own free will, and of my own free will I wore it†. Marley wore the chains because of every bad thing he did in his lifetime another link was added to the chain. This shows us that Marley was not a kind person. â€Å"Is its pattern strange to you? † The ghost questions Scrooge. Marley is warning Scrooge that when he dies he shall have a chain of his own due to all his bad deeds. Marley states that making money was his business â€Å"mankind was my business† At one o’clock, the ghost appears, the features of the ghost were ever changing an old man a young child. This portrays the two ages that would suffer the most at Christmas time; it also shows the in fluctuation between past – Scrooges youth and the present -Scrooge nowadays.

Electoral College Pros And Cons - 1169 Words

Electoral College Pros and Cons The 2016 presidential election was an example of the discrepancy between the Electoral College votes and the national popular votes. If the last presidential election had been decided by a national popular vote, then Hillary Clinton would have won the presidency because she had the majority of votes. However, due to the design of the Electoral College, Donald Trump won the election for president in 2016; although, he lost the national popular vote. Just as some people questioned the effectiveness of the Electoral College during some of the previous elections, several people questioned the effectiveness of the Electoral College again in 2016. The debate about whether the Electoral College should be kept or†¦show more content†¦The agricultural sector may not be as common in other areas of the U.S. but still needs to be represented (2). The small states farmers’ interests are just as important as the interests of the metropolitan areas of the bigger states, hence, the i nitial distribution of the two electoral votes for every state. Picture one shows the distribution of electoral votes among all states. It illustrates the importance of the extra electoral votes assigned to the small states, as well as where the most populous states are located. Picture one: Each state’s allocated number of electoral votes Source: USA.gov, Presidential Election Process, usa.gov (accessed Mar 20, 2016) Second, there are the critics who want to abolish the Electoral College for various reasons. One of the top arguments mentioned is that it is undemocratic. As Alex. K. Rich and Heather Newton explain in their book â€Å"Point: The Electoral College has Destroyed Democracy,† the â€Å"one-person, one vote† does not exist within the Electoral College. People vote for an elector without knowing who he/she is, who then casts a vote on their behalf. Due to the â€Å"winner-takes-all† (in 48 of the 50 states) process, the winner of the plurality of the votes in a state receives all of the electoral votes. Therefore, not all of the votes originally cast count (2). Another top argument to abolish theShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of The Electoral College1308 Words   |  6 Pagesvote by 2.7 Million votes. Donald Trump won because of the Electoral College. The Electoral College gives each state a number of electors that can range from three to fifty-five depending on the size of the state. The number of electors is decided by combining the number of senators and representatives that state has. To win the presidential election, a candidate would have to get 270 electoral votes, if neither candidate gets 270 electoral votes then the senate and the House of Representatives getRead MorePros And Cons Of The Electoral College738 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"I’m sorry we ever invented the electoral college† Al Gore. Many think the electoral college is a great thing, others? Not so much. If you’re unaware of what the electoral college is, it’s a process, not a place. The founding fathers established it in the Constitution as a compromise between election of the President by a vote in Congress and election of the President by a popular vote of qualified citizens. There’s pros and cons of the electoral college, and by the end of this essay you may decideRead MorePros And Cons Of The Electoral College1165 Words   |  5 PagesThe Electoral College what can I say to be honest, I know nothing about the Electoral College, but I will do my best to explain it to people who might know and to help them know so when they re seventeen they know like I should. So the Google definition of the Electoral College is a body of people representing the states of the US, who cast votes in the election of the President and Vice President. I would have not given that explanation, it would have told you it is a College. So helping you andRead MorePros And Cons Of Electoral College1791 Words   |  8 PagesThe Electoral College was established, by the Constitution to elect the President, in order to avoid an unfair bal ance of powers. The framers chose the complicated system of the Electoral College as the most equitable option. One option to elect the President was to hold a popular vote, however, the framers argued that the people might not have enough wisdom or information. The State Legislators were a promising option, but the framers worried that the Legislators would carry too much bias againstRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Electoral College1290 Words   |  6 PagesStates Electoral College had been a contradicting system due to the diversification of America throughout the years. The major issue with this system, however, relies on America’s own national popular vote that contradicts the Electoral College. Many citizens would rather rely on alternatives such as the national popular vote in order to make presidential elections more bearable. All systems conclude of disadvantages and advantages. Ultimately I as well as many people disagree with the Electoral CollegeRead MoreThe Pro s And Cons Of The Electoral College1625 Words   |  7 PagesIn the United States, the Electoral College determines the victor of a national election. Each state has its own number of electoral votes, which is determined by state population. This system is a â€Å"winner takes all† system. Which means the candidate with 50 percent or more of the votes in an individual state gets all of that states electoral votes. The 2016 presidential election will have 538 electoral votes, this means that the election will be decided who is the first candidate to 270 votes. SomeRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Electoral College1167 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Electoral College system should be amended because it poorly illustrates democracy, is outdated and Electoral College Reform The voting process in America appears straightforward, but it is a very complex, complicated system. The Electoral College is America’s current voting system. The Electoral College still serves its intended purpose, but with increasing political activity among Americans it has caused a need to reform this process. Research suggests that the Electoral College systemRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Electoral College780 Words   |  4 Pagesprevious years. While many argue that the Electoral College defeats the purpose of voting, and diminishes the majority’s voice, this is certainly not the case. Without the Electoral College, elections would quickly become, and encourage, radical and corrupt ways in their voting systems, that could possibly result in a detrimental nationwide political crisis of voter fraud, and a rise to direct democracy. Majority of those who strive to abolish the Electoral College, are in simple terms; angry becauseRead MoreFinal Exam1541 Words   |  7 Pages POS/110 Democracy in America Democracy in America is something that has been the topic of the news for many years. It has caused many debates among several different individuals. Democracy, like anything, has its pros and its cons as well. In the following paragraphs will be the tip of the iceberg of some things that are debatable about democracy in America. One topic in particular that has been debated is the Constitution. The Constitution was written in 1787. The ConstitutionRead MoreThe Electoral College Is The Best Interests Of All The People1223 Words   |  5 PagesThe Electoral College, a hot topic these days, is subject to both criticism and defense. To understand why either side is valid we must look at its values and its weaknesses, its pros and cons. In defense of the Electoral College we can see that it in its roots the Electoral College was devised to dole out the power of selecting our executives geographically, and to give otherwise marginalized portions of the U.S. population a voice. Adversely the Electoral College can be seen as an obstruction to